As the conflict in Sudan continues to escalate, with devastating consequences for civilians, there is a pressing need to extend the mandate of the Independent International Fact-Finding Mission (FFM) for at least two more years. The UN Human Rights Council has a vital role in ensuring accountability for the serious violations of international law and acts of violence, including sexual and gender-based violence (SGBV) against women and girls in Sudan. The FFM’s work in collecting evidence and identifying perpetrators is crucial for holding those responsible accountable.
The Human Rights Council’s adoption of resolution 57/2 in October 2024 extended the FFM’s mandate and highlighted the link between impunity and cycles of violence in Sudan. The broad support for the FFM’s work, as indicated by the voting result of 23 in favor and 12 against, underscores the importance of ongoing investigations and accountability measures. The conflict, now in its third year, has led to a significant humanitarian crisis, with tens of thousands of casualties and millions displaced, making Sudan one of the world’s largest displacement crises.
The FFM’s recent oral update to the Council described the conflict as a multifaceted and complex situation, marked by international crimes and a severe human rights and protection emergency. The continued use of heavy weaponry in populated areas, rising SGBV incidents, and the weaponization of humanitarian relief underscore the urgent need for international action. The FFM emphasized the deepening human suffering and the critical importance of implementing an arms embargo and ensuring accountability for perpetrators of violations.
Despite challenges such as the UN’s liquidity crisis and limited access to Sudan, the FFM has been able to carry out its investigative work, including conducting interviews, verifying evidence, and engaging with relevant stakeholders. The FFM’s expertise in documenting and investigating violations, even without on-the-ground access, highlights its critical role in uncovering the truth and promoting accountability. The refusal of Sudanese authorities to cooperate with the FFM underscores the need for independent mechanisms to fulfill their mandates.
Extending the FFM’s mandate is essential for advancing human rights and accountability in Sudan. The Council should proactively adopt a resolution on Sudan at its upcoming sessions, ensuring continued reporting and monitoring of the situation. Requesting additional reporting by the High Commissioner and his designated expert, along with timely and full contributions to the UN, are crucial steps to address violations and impunity effectively. Peace without justice is deemed illusory, emphasizing the pivotal role of accountability in achieving sustainable peace.
Key Takeaways:
– Extending the FFM’s mandate in Sudan is crucial for investigating violations and promoting accountability.
– The conflict in Sudan has led to a severe humanitarian crisis, necessitating urgent international action.
– The FFM’s expertise in documenting violations and identifying perpetrators highlights its critical role.
– The Human Rights Council should adopt proactive measures to address violations and promote accountability in Sudan.
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